Cavities, or tooth decay, are one of the most common dental issues people face. They can arise for many reasons including a poor diet (especially one that includes many sugary treats), poor oral hygiene, or even simply bad luck.

But what happens when you discover you have a cavity? Is it something that will heal on its own, or does it always require a trip to the dentist?

At Brandon Smiles Dentistry, we’re here to give you all the facts about cavities, how they develop, and whether they can truly heal by themselves. Spoiler alert: they can’t.

What Are Cavities and How Do They Form?

Cavities are permanently damaged areas in the hard surface of your teeth that develop into tiny holes or openings. They are caused by a combination of factors, including bacteria in your mouth, frequent snacking, sipping sugary drinks, and inadequate brushing and flossing.

The process begins with plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth. When you consume foods or drinks high in sugar or starch, the bacteria in plaque produce acids. These acids attack the enamel (the outermost protective layer of your teeth) causing it to weaken and break down over time.

If left unchecked, the decay can progress deeper into the tooth, reaching the softer dentin layer and eventually the pulp, where the tooth’s nerves and blood vessels are located. At this stage, the cavity can cause significant pain and may require more extensive treatment.

Can Cavities Heal on Their Own?

The short answer is no, cavities cannot heal themselves. Once the enamel has been permanently damaged and a cavity has formed, it won’t regenerate or repair on its own. However, it is possible to stop the progression of tooth decay in its very early stages with proper care and intervention.

Early-stage decay, often referred to as “incipient decay,” appears as white spots on the enamel where minerals have been lost. At this stage, the damage is still reversible with the help of remineralization. This process involves replenishing the lost minerals in the enamel, primarily through fluoride treatments, proper oral hygiene, and a healthy diet.

Once a cavity progresses beyond the enamel and into the dentin, remineralization is no longer effective, and professional treatment is necessary to restore the tooth.

How Can You Prevent Cavities from Worsening?

Preventing cavities from getting worse starts with good oral hygiene and regular dental care. Brushing your teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing daily, and rinsing with a fluoride mouthwash can help strengthen your enamel and protect your teeth from further damage.

A balanced diet that limits sugary and acidic foods and drinks is also essential. Foods rich in calcium, like dairy products, and those high in vitamins and minerals, such as leafy greens and fresh vegetables, can support strong teeth and gums.

Fluoride plays a key role in cavity prevention and remineralization. It works by strengthening tooth enamel and making it more resistant to acid attacks. Many cities have fluoride in their water supply, but if yours doesn’t, your dentist may recommend fluoride treatments or supplements.

When to Seek Professional Help

Even with the best at-home care, it’s important to visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings. These visits allow your dentist to detect cavities in their earliest stages, often before you notice any symptoms. Early detection can make treatment simpler, quicker, and less invasive.

If you experience symptoms such as tooth sensitivity, pain when eating or drinking, or visible discoloration on your teeth, it’s crucial to schedule a dental appointment as soon as possible. Ignoring these signs can lead to the cavity worsening, requiring more extensive and costly treatment.

Treatment Options for Cavities

The treatment for a cavity depends on its severity. For early-stage decay, your dentist may recommend fluoride treatments to help remineralize the enamel and halt the decay. These treatments can include fluoride varnishes, gels, or prescription-strength toothpaste.

For cavities that have progressed into the dentin, a dental filling is usually required. This involves removing the decayed portion of the tooth and filling it with a durable material like composite resin, amalgam, or porcelain.

If the decay has reached the pulp, a root canal may be necessary to remove the infected tissue and save the tooth. In cases where the tooth is severely damaged and cannot be saved, extraction may be the only option, followed by a replacement like a dental implant or bridge.

Why It’s Important to Address Cavities Early

Addressing cavities early not only prevents pain and discomfort but also helps preserve the integrity of your natural teeth. When left untreated, cavities can lead to infections, abscesses, and even tooth loss. Additionally, untreated decay can spread to nearby teeth, compounding the problem and increasing the need for more extensive dental work.

Taking a proactive approach to your oral health can save you time, money, and unnecessary stress in the long run. Regular dental visits and maintaining a strong oral hygiene routine are your best defense against cavities and their potential complications.

Let Brandon Smiles Dentistry Take Care of Your Cavities

While cavities cannot heal themselves once they’ve formed, early intervention and good oral hygiene can stop their progression and protect your smile. Regular dental visits, fluoride treatments, and healthy habits all play a crucial role in keeping your teeth strong and cavity-free.

At Brandon Smiles Dentistry, we’re here to help you achieve and maintain optimal oral health. If you suspect you have a cavity or if it’s been a while since your last check-up, book an appointment right away!